中国东部重要经济区带湿地遥感调查与演变分析

The Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring of the Wetlands in Eastern Economic Zones of China

利用多时相遥感数据对中国东部重要经济区带近140万km^2的湿地资源进行了调查与监测。结果表明：我国中东部地区湿地类型多，面积大，但分布不均；近30—40a间湿地总面积逐年减少，表现在潮间淤泥海滩（泥滩）、红树林和沼泽湿地大幅度缩减；人工围垦和水利工程建设等人类活动加速了中国东部重要经济区带湿地的破坏程度；调查区湿地面积的缩小和湿地景观破碎化的加重，导致湿地功能不断下降，生态环境进一步恶化。

Based on large quantities of remote sensing data as well as topographic and survey data, this paper studied the evolution of the wetlands in eastern economic zones of China from 1975 to 2006. The results show that the wetlands are distributed unequally. The area of the wetlands has been decreased since 1975. The muddy tidal bank, the mangrove tidal bank and the swamp have been especially greatly decreased. The result of the analysis shows that the landscape fragmentation is remarkable, with the human activities being the primary cause. The environment of the eastern economic zones of China has been deteriorating since 1975.