晋西北抗日根据地的“中农经济”——以1942年张闻天兴县14村调查为中心的研究

The "Middle Peasant Economy" in Northwestern Shanxi Anti-Japanese Base Areas——Centered on the 14 villages investigation by Zhang Wen-tian in Xing County in 1942

1942年中共领导人张闻天率领的延安农村调查团以土地问题为主题对晋西北抗日根据地兴县二区14村进行了为期近5个月的调查,调查结果表明,该地区农村在经济形态上属于典型的"中农化"小农经济区,即在地权分配与土地经营模式两个方面明显地呈现出以中农为主体的自有自耕性征。尽管在中共革命影响下,农村内部社会经济结构及运行模式发生了一定变化,但主要经济形态依然是传统的"中农化"的自耕农型小农经济,惟"中农化"走向更加明显而已。

In 1942,Zhang Wen-tian,one of the CPC leaders,and his Yan＇an Countryside Team made an investigation for nearly 5 months into land problem in Anti-Japanese Base Area of Northwestern Shanxi Province.The investigation result showed that the economy in this area belonged to a typical ＂middle-peasantization＂ smallholder economy area,which was characterized by mainly self-owned and self-employed middle peasants in terms of land distribution and land management patterns.Despite a certain changes of the structure of social economy and the economic operational pattern in the countryside caused by the CPC revolution,the major economic form remained to be the traditional ＂middle-peasantization＂,self-employed smallholder economy.The ＂middle-peasantization＂ was the only dominant trend.