黄土高原三种类型复合农林业边界地区土壤水分的时空变化(英文)

Spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture in three types of agroforestry boundaries in the Loess Plateau, China

黄土高原山坡上的复合农林业是一种普遍存在的景色,在这里土壤的水分是植物生长和发展的限制因素。文中研究了三种类型复合农林业边界(林-牧地、林-耕地和防护林-耕地)下水分的时空特性。研究结果表明,从土地表面到110cm处土壤的水分含量随着土壤深度的增加而减少。在雨季(7-9月)、干旱季(5-6月)和春季(3-4月),土壤的水分含量在三种边界下变化非常显著。在三种边界类型的不同土壤层下,土壤水分的水平分布呈现出线性、波形、勺形或是"W"形不同的形式。通过方差分析和多重比较估计除了不同边界类型下土壤水分影响域(DEI)。在干旱季节,在0-10cm的土壤层的DEI为0.4H(H为平均树高),该数据从牧地或耕地下的0.2H到林-牧地、林-耕地下的0.2H和防护林-耕地下0.7H(从耕地的0.2H到防护林的0.5H)。在雨季,在0-110cm土壤深度三种边界下的DEI为0.7H。研究结果表明,特别在黄土高原的恢复退化土地区域为了保持土壤的水分在土地管理上复合农林业类型应该谨慎选取。

Agroforestry is a ubiquitous landscape on the slopes in Loess Plateau, where soil moisture is a limiting factor for plant growth and development. The spatial and temporal characteristics of soil moisture were studied in three types of agroforestry boundaries： forest-grassland, forest-cropland and shelterbelt-cropland. The result shows that soil moisture content decreased with soil depth increasing from the surface to 110 cm. Soil moisture content differed significantly among the three boundaries all in the rainy season （July-September）, dry season （May-June） and spring （March-April）. The horizontal distribution of soil moisture in different soil layers in the three types of boundaries showed different patterns with line form, wave form, scoop form or ＂W＂ form. The distance of edge influence （DEI） of soil moisture in different types of landscape boundaries was estimated by variance analysis and multiple comparisons. In dry season the DEI in 0-10 cm soil layer was 0.4 H （H, average height of trees）, which ranged from 0.2 H in grassland or in cropland to 0.2 H in forest field for both forest-grassland and forest-cropland boundaries, and 0.7 H （ranged from 0.2 H in cropland to 0.5 H in forest field） for shelterbelt-cropland boundary. In rainy season the DEI at soil depth of 0-110 cm was 0.7 H for the three boundaries. The results indicated that agroforestry type should be carefully selected to maintain soil moisture in land management, especially in restoring degraded land in Loess Plateau.