章学诚的史学变革思想

Zhang Xue-cheng’s Thought on Historiography Reform

章学诚的史学变革思想,涉及史意、历史编纂学、历史文学三个方面。章学诚的"史意"不仅具有著述宗旨、别识心裁之意,还包含撰述者关于历史和史学的体会、情感和价值取向,比"史义"内容更加丰富。其"圆而神"的撰述思想既有辩证法的思想因素,又有美学的意境。在历史文学上,章氏一方面强调史文应忠实地反映历史实际,另一方面又主张语言表达的神明变化。

This essay tries to discuss Zhang Xue-cheng’s thought on historiography reform from three respects：historical mind,historical compiling and historical literature,which analyses the commons and differences between＂historical mind＂and＂historical idea＂,and thinks that the former not only has meanings such as purposes of compiling,the original and unique styles,but also has meanings such as experience,emotion and value tendency to history of the historins.It is more colorful than historical meaning.There are dialectical factors and beautiful environments contained in ＂smoothness and marvel＂put forward by Zhang Xue-cheng.As for historical literature,Zhang suggested that the senences of history book should reflect historical facts honestly and had changeable and wonderful effects as well.