稀土硬质合金的发展现状

Current development status of rare earth cemented carbides

稀土金属及其化合物具有许多优异的性能,将某些稀土元素以一定方式微量添加到传统的硬质合金中,能够提高合金的韧性、抗弯强度与硬度。因此,添加了稀土的硬质合金在现代科学技术的各个领域中可以发挥独特的作用,尤其是在现代机械工具的制造加工中。笔者综述了稀土硬质合金的国内外研究现状,分析了稀土元素的作用机理及其对组织和性能的影响、添加形式和方法等,指出了目前稀土硬质合金发展中存在的问题,提出了今后的研究方向和可能的解决途径。

Rare earth metals and their compounds have many excellent properties,and the addition of rare earth elements in a certain way into the conventional cemented carbide can improve such properties as toughness,bending strength and hardness.Therefore,the rare earth alloy plays a unique role in all fields of the modern scientific technology,especially in the manufacturing of modern machinery tools.In the paper,the current development status of rare earth cemented carbides was reviewed,including the affecting mechanism of rare earth elements,their effects on microstructure and properties,the form and technique of addition of rare earth elements and so on.At the same time,the problems and possible solutions during current development of rare earth cemented carbides were also involved.