中等强度持续跑和间歇跑机体能量消耗与底物代谢特征研究

Research on Energy Expenditure and Substrate Metabolism of Prolonged and Interval Running at Moderate Intensities

目的:研究并比较中等强度持续跑和间歇跑机体能量消耗与底物代谢特征。方法:9名体育专业女大学生完成跑台最大耗氧量测试,然后以55%V.O2max强度完成2个运动测试:1)55%V.O2max强度持续跑步1 h,恢复30 min;2)55%V.O2max强度完成3组20 min跑,间歇恢复10 min。采用气体代谢法间接测定运动期和恢复期机体能量消耗和底物代谢。结果:1)持续跑运动中能量消耗稳定,脂肪氧化供能量和脂肪参与供能比例在后20 min高于前20 min和中间20 min,糖的氧化供能量低于前20 min跑和中间20 min;间歇跑运动中脂肪氧化供能量和脂肪参与供能比例随运动组数的增加逐渐增加,糖的氧化供能量随运动组数的增加逐渐减少,能量消耗在第1个20 min跑显著高于第2、3个20 min跑。2)第3个间歇跑恢复期脂肪氧化供能量高于第1个恢复期,糖氧化供能量高于第2个恢复期,机体能耗高于第1、2个恢复期。3)持续跑脂肪氧化供能量在运动期、恢复期以及运动期和恢复期总和上均与间歇跑无明显差异,而持续跑恢复期糖氧化供能量低于间歇跑恢复期。持续跑运动期的能耗高于间歇跑运动期的能耗,恢复期的能耗低于间歇跑恢复期的能耗。结论:1)持续跑运动期能耗稳定,但当持续时间增加到一定程度后,脂肪氧化供能量和脂肪参与供能比例明显增加。2)间歇跑运动期脂肪氧化供能量和脂肪参与供能比例随组数的增加逐渐增加,糖的氧化供能量随组数的增加逐渐减少;恢复期脂肪氧化量、糖氧化量和总能耗随运动组数的增加逐渐增加。另外,一定的运动预适应可降低随后运动的代谢反应水平。3)在运动强度、运动时间、恢复时间相同情况下,持续跑运动期能耗高于间歇跑运动期能耗,恢复期能耗低于间歇跑恢复期能耗,间歇跑恢复期糖氧化量高于持续跑恢复期糖氧化量。

Objective：To study and compare the energy expenditure and substrate metabolism of prolonged and interval running at moderate intensities.Methods：9 female physical education college students performed a O2max text in running and two exercise tests at the intensity of 55%O2max in running：1）a single bout of 60-min running and 30-min rest.2）three bouts of 20-min running,separated by a 10-min rest between running bouts.During these exercise and rest,the respiratory gas was collected in order to analyze and ascertain the energy expenditure and substrate metabolism.Results：1）During the single 60-min running,energy expenditure is stable,but Fat-Oxidation and contribution of fat are higher in the third 20-min of the single 60-min running than in the first 20-min or in the second 20-min,the CHO-Oxidation is less in the third 20-min of the single 60-min running than in the first 20-min or in the second 20-min.During three repeated bouts of 20-min running,fat-oxidation and contribution of fat increases with the increasing of bouts,CHO-Oxidation decreases with increasing of the bouts.Energy expenditure is higher in the first bout of 20-min running than in the second bout or in the third bout.2）There are three bouts of 10-min rest following three bouts of 20-min running,fat-oxidation is higher in the third bout rest than in the first bout rest,CHO-Oxidation is higher in the third bout rest than in the second bout rest,energy expenditure is higher in the third bout rest than in the first bout rest or in the second bout rest.3）The difference of energy expenditure between a single bout of prolonged running and interval running in exercise,rest and total was not found.CHO-Oxidation in rest was lower in the single bout of prolonged running than in the interval running,energy expenditure in exercise was higher in the single bout of prolonged running than in the repeated bouts of running,however energy expenditure in rest was less in the single bout of prolonged running than in the repeated bouts of running.Conclusion：1）Energy expenditure is stable in a single bout of prolonged running,but fat-oxidation and contribution of fat increase significantly when the exercise duration increased to a certain extent.2）With the increasing bouts of interval running,fat-oxidation and contribution of fat in exercise increases,CHO-Oxidation in exercise decrease.Fat-oxidation,CHO-oxidation and total energy expenditure in rest increase with increasing bouts of running.In addition,some exercise preconditioning can reduce the metabolic responses to subsequent exercise.3） In the same condition of exercise intensity,exercise duration and recovery time,energy expenditure of exercise in a single bout of prolonged running is higher than in repeated bouts of interval running,energy expenditure of rest in a single bout of prolonged running is lower than in repeated bouts of interval running,and CHO-Oxidation of rest in repeated bouts of interval running is higher than in a single bout of prolonged running.