310例婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒检测及流行病学分析

Epidemiological characteristics and detection of infants diarrhea caused by rotavirus in Hefei

目的了解本地区婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒(RV)感染状况及流行病学特征。方法收集2006年10月～2009年5月安徽医科大学第一附属医院儿科住院腹泻患儿310例新鲜粪便标本和资料,采用标记金的A群RV单克隆抗体,以免疫层析双抗体夹心法监测A群RV感染情况,以及分析腹泻婴幼儿RV感染的流行病学特征。结果 310例腹泻患儿以男性为主,男/女比值为2.75。98例检出RV抗原阳性,感染率为31.6%,不同性别患儿RV感染率差异无显著性。6个月～2岁组腹泻患儿RV抗原检出率与其他年龄组比较均差异有显著性(P<0.05)。RV检出例数以10月至次年1月为主,共检出64例(占65.3%),其中尤以11月份为最高(27例)。结论 RV感染是合肥地区婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原体之一,应及时准确监测腹泻婴幼儿RV感染情况并进行合理治疗,防止感染性疾病传播。

Aim To study the infection rate and epidemiological characteristics of infants diarrhea caused by cluster A rotavirus（RV） in Hefei.Methods Stool samples from infants with diarrhea in a hospital from October 2006 to May 2009 were detected by technique of colloidal gold and immunochromatography double antigen sandwich assay.Epidemiological data of infants were also analyzed.Results Among 310 detected stool samples,98（31.6%） cases were positive RV antigen.The positive quantity and rate of RV antigen from October to January in the next year were 64（65.3%） and there were significant differences between this period and the other.The mostsusceptible age of the infection was from 6 months to two years old,the positive rate was 35.1%,and there were significant differences in the positive rates of RV antigen to the other age groups.RV infection rates in male and female were 32.2% and 30.2% respectively,and there were no significant difference.Conclusions RV infection is one of the major pathogen causing infants diarrhea.Infants with diarrhea should be detected RV antigen as soon as possible and given rational treatment,so as to prevent pathophoresis.