培训需求分析:内涵、模式与推进

Training Needs Analysis:Connotation,Model and Implementation

培训需求分析是在培训规划之前确定是否需要培训、谁需要培训以及需要何种培训的一种活动,它既关注教师的主观愿望,又重视绩效差距及其原因的客观分析。分析教师培训需求可以采用绩效分析模式和组织-任务-人员分析模式。为了推动培训者在实践中重视与开展培训需求分析,建议:(1)面向培训者开展培训需求分析专项培训;(2)从战略高度看待教师培训需求分析;(3)注重培训需求分析的科学性与规范性;(4)充分发挥培训需求分析的多重功能。

Training needs analysis is the technique of identifying whether training is necessary,who needs training and what training teachers need. It not only values teachers＇want,but also attaches importance on the performance gap and its＇causes. Performance analysis model and organization-task-person （ OTP） model can be used in practice. To make trainers pay attention to and implement training needs analysis,some suggestions are offered as follows：Firstly,provide special training about needs analysis to trainers; Secondly,look at teacher training needs analysis by the way of strategy; Thirdly,emphasize the normalization of training needs analysis; Finally,make training needs analysis produce multiple effect.