钠碘同向转运体基因介导放射性碘治疗肿瘤的研究进展

Advances of radioiodine therapy of tumor induced by sodium iodide symporter gene

钠碘同向转运体（NIS）作为一种细胞膜蛋白，主要存在于甲状腺滤泡细胞基底膜并介导细胞的碘转运，在甲状腺癌及非甲状腺癌的放射性碘治疗研究中备受关注。部分甲状腺癌的NIS表达水平降低或者膜蛋白定位不好，通过导入NIS基因进行膜表达，介导核素滞留于细胞内，是肿瘤治疗的新途径。但目前主要存在核素在细胞内滞留时间短而影响疗效的问题。对此，在导入NIS基因后，可通过各种方法刺激肿瘤细胞增加NIS的功能性表达而增加核素的摄取，也可通过减少核素的流出来提高其滞留，扩展NIS基因治疗的应用范围，优化肿瘤治疗。该文主要综述了NIS基因介导的肿瘤治疗研究进展。

As a kind of membrane protein that mainly mediates iodide transport into thyroid follicular cells, sodium iodide symporter （NIS） plays a key role in radioiodine therapy of both thyroid and other cancers. Studies show that decreased NIS expression level or intracellular localization in thyroid carcinomas lead to low iodine uptake. So NIS gene therapy is a new method to overcome this problem. To be therapeutically effective, radioiodine has to be remained in the tumor ceils for sufficient long time; this is still a problem which reduces therapeutic effect. It should increase iodide retention and decrease iodide efflux in tumor cells to optimize therapeutic scheme. This article reviews the studies on advances of radioiodine therapy of tumor induced by sodium iodide symporter gene.