机械振动信号的听觉谱表达及其特性研究

Auditory spectrum of mechanical vibration signal and its characteristics

人类听觉系统具有非凡的信号分析、处理和识别能力,因此,建立人类听觉系统的数学模型并将其应用于各种动态信号分析场合具有一定的可行性。引入听觉模型ZCPA(模型输出为听觉谱),通过对各种实测信号的分析,检验了听觉谱对平稳、非平稳和带有瞬时突变成分的振动信号的描述效果,揭示了听觉谱表达振动信号时的基本特性,并阐述了其内在机理。各种分析检验结果表明,听觉谱可以用很少的点数大体描述信号的频率结构,尤其是对于中高频区间的微弱信号具有很好的描述效果,并且在表征信号中的瞬时突变方面具有明显优势。

The human auditory system possesses remarkable abilities to analyze,process and recognize signals.Therefore,it is feasible to build a mathematical model of a human auditory system and use it to analyze dynamic signals.An auditory model,ZCPA (its output was called auditory spectrum),was introduced to analyze mechanical vibration signals.By analyzing measured signals,the representation effects of the auditory spectrum for stationary signals,non-stationary signals and the signals with sudden changes were tested.Based on the analysis results,some characteristics of the auditory spectrum were revealed and their mechanisms were interpreted.The investigation showed that the auditory spectrum can represent the general frequency structure of a signal using a few data,especially,can obviously represent weak signal components with intermediate and high frequencies and instantaneous sudden changes in signals.