重庆市农村流动人口卫生服务需求与利用研究

Demand of Rural Floating Population for Health Service and Their Utilization in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市农村流动人口的卫生服务利用现状及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样、滚雪球抽样、应答推动抽样的方法,从重庆市主城区建筑业、服务业、经商、力夫(棒棒)、家政服务业五个行业共抽取1 502户户籍不在重庆市主城区的农村流动人口,采用统一的调查表调查其健康状况及卫生服务利用情况。结果共调查重庆市农村流动人口1 502户2 490人,其两周患病率为9.52%,住院率为3.98%;两周患病后未治疗率为6.33%,过去一年中应住院而未住院率为33.56%,次均就诊费用和次均住院费用分别为149.63元和8 032.21元;新农合参保率为64.42%,影响其卫生服务利用的主要因素是流动人口收入水平低、新农合医保不完善等。结论重庆市农村流动人口工作生活环境不良,收入水平不高,卫生服务利用水平低,医保制度有待完善。

Objective To explore the demand of rural floating population for health service and the status of their utilization,and the related factors in Chongqing city.Methods The accidental sampling,snowball sampling and respond-driven sampling were used;and 1 502 families of floating population samples were selected from construction,services,business,manual workers,domestic service.The families were surveyed by using uniform questionnaire.Results Totally 2 490 subjects from 1 502 families of floating population were interviewed.Among them two-weeks prevalence rate was 9.52%,hospitalization rate was 3.98%,non-treatment rate in the past two weeks were 6.33%.Non-hospitalization rate of those who needed to be admitted was 33.56%.Average outpatient expenditure and hospitalization expenses were RMB 149.63 Yuan and RMB 8 032.21 Yuan respectively.The attending rate of the new rural cooperative medical care was 64.42%.Low income and the imperfect system about the new rural cooperative medical care had significant influences on the health service utilization by the floating population.Conclusion The working and living environment for floating population was poor,The level of income and the utilization of health service in floating population in Chongqing were low.The health insurance system should be improved.