论自首认定的根据

On the Criterion of Self-submission

自首应该依据什么来认定,其根据为何?是刑法学界争议的问题。从刑罚的目的出发来阐述自首认定的根据,认为刑法的目的等同于刑罚的目的,而刑法的目的是保障包括犯罪人在内的全体公民基本人权,要实现这一目的,必须要减少犯罪,通过对不同类型的人的犯罪可能性进行分析,因此,要实现最大化的减少犯罪,量刑的基准必须是犯罪的成本大于收益且刚刚大于收益足以。因此,"一般预防论"应该是刑罚的目的,而对自首的认定也只能根据这个原理来认定。

What is the criterion of self-submission？ It is the disputing issue in the field of criminal jurisprudence. Explaining the criterion of self-submission form the purpose of the penalty takes criminal law purpose as equal to the purpose of the penalty. However,the purpose of the criminal law is to protect the people＇s basic human rights including criminals. In order to realize the purpose,it must lessen crimes through the analysis of the possibility to various types of people. Therefore,in order to reduce crimes,the sentencing criterion must be the crime cost is greater than the income. ＂the general prevention＂ should be the purpose of the penalty,and the criterion of self-submission also follow this theory.