本我回归——哈姆雷特向死而生的心路历程

The Return to the Authentic Self——the Inner Workings of Hamlet Being-Towards-Death

哈姆雷特替父复仇的过程一再被其延宕,而延宕原因一直是研究者讨论的焦点。一代又一代的读者和批评者都试图探究延宕之谜,因此提出了种种解释和看法。其实引入海德格尔有关"本我"的死亡哲学观并以此为突破口,可诠释哈姆雷特的悲剧命运和揭示哈姆雷特由最初的犹豫不决到最后的果敢出击以完成复仇任务的心路历程。哈姆雷特由一个沉沦于世的此在,通过内心挣扎和对死亡的不断思考以及持续的焦虑为他隐藏的本我觉醒提供了一种可能,这种可能促使他求真,弄明白了死亡的真正意义,并用自己的死亡实现了超越"常人"的向死而生,最终完成了对自己的生命救赎。

Hamlet＇s procrastination in avenging for his father has been the highlight among generations of readers and critics, and various explanations and opinions are produced about the mystery of his procrastination. Heidegger＇s theory of authenticity offers us a new perspective in reading Hamlet, and helps us approach to the inner workings of Hamlet and locate the reasons why Hamlet at last courageously takes the action of revenge. Hamlet experienced being lost in ＂dasein＂, through inner struggle, continually thinking over death, and unceasing anxiety, and he found himself a possibility to awake from his concealing authentic self, which prompted him towards truth, and in the end, he realized his return to authentic self with his own death.