基于土地制度的农民工问题研究

A Study of Peasant Workers'Origin and Development Based on Land System

农民工是我国工业化时期制度建构的产物,这些制度包括户籍制度、劳动就业制度、土地制度等,其中土地制度对农民工的产生和发展具有根本性的影响:首先,宪法中对农民土地权利的限制(不享有所有权,经营权受限),使得农民不得作为独立的有财产的个体进入市场,而只能向市场提供自己的劳动力;其次,农地流转受限,宪法中的征地条款对征地的限制作用有限,造成了农民工的弱势地位。因此,农民工问题在一定程度上可以归结为农地权利的扩充和归还问题。

Peasant workers are the production of system construction that includes household registration system,employment system,land system and so on. During these land system is the fundamental influence on the peasant workers＇ origin and development. First of all,peasants could only provide labor force and could not become a property independent individual of the market according to the constitution （ without ownership）. Secondly,the transfer of land is limited,the restriction effect on expropriation of land is limited according to the constitution. This situation brings about the weakness of peasant workers. Therefore,to certain extent,the issue of peasant workers can be summed up in expansion and restoration of land rights.