葡萄鸟类危害及预防技术初探

Research on bird damage of grape and its control techniques

为了掌握葡萄鸟害的情况和防鸟方法,对危害葡萄的鸟种类、不同葡萄品种的受鸟害情况进行调查,并对葡萄架式选择、套袋和架设防鸟网等对鸟害的控制作用进行研究。结果表明:危害葡萄的鸟主要是灰喜鹊、喜鹊、麻雀、鸠鸽、啄木鸟;在鲜食品种中,晚熟品种、红色品种、浓香品种受害明显较重;采用棚架栽培方式,可以减轻鸟的危害;果穗套袋可降低体型较小鸟类对葡萄的危害;架设网眼大小3 cm×3 cm白色聚乙烯防鸟网可以达到对鸟害的100%控制。

In order to control the bird damage of grape,the birds species and the bird damage status of different grape varieties were investigated,and the effect of the grape trellis,bagging,and the anti-bird nets on bird damage control were studied.The results showed that the main bird species to damage grape was gray magpie,magpie,aparrow,dove pigeons,and pecking wood.The bird damage of late-maturing varieties,red varieties,and fragrant varieties of grape was more serious than the others.The scaffolding cultivation methods obviously reduced bird hazards,and bagging fruit reduced the damage of smaller birds.Use of mesh size of 3 cm×3 cm white polyethylene nets could reach 100% for bird damage control.