沈综玉米群体植株性状改良效果研究

Study on Improvement Effect of Plant Traits in Shengzong Maize Population

经3轮不同方法的轮回选择,使沈综C0玉米群体产量获得了平均每轮8.67%的遗传增益。3种改良方法均能不同程度的提高植株性状,以全姊妹选择最显著。S1选择或半姊妹选择有增加茎粗的作用,全姊妹选择有使植株向高发展的趋势。经1轮S1选择和半姊妹选择后,大多数植株性状与单株产量的相关系数及植株性状的变异系数增加;经1轮全姊妹选择后,绝大多数植株性状与单株产量的相关系数和植株性状的变异系数有所下降。穗上第1叶叶面积对单株产量的直接通径系数在3轮群体中均为第1位,并逐轮增加,偏回归系数除在HC2绿叶数显著外,3个群体均为株高和茎粗显著。雄穗分枝数在HC2有所减少,与产量的相关性也相应加强。叶面积、茎粗和株型是沈综群体今后需要同时改良的主要植株性状。

Through three cycles recurrent selection using different methods,8.67% genetic gain of yield per cycles was obtained.Three improving methods could increase the numeral value of plant traits in different degree and full sister selection was most significant.S1 selection or half-sister selection could control plant height,full-sister selection made plant high.Through one cycle of S1 selection and one cycle of half-sister selection,coefficient of variability for majority of plant traits and coefficient of correlation between grain yield per plants and plant traits were increased.After one cycle of full-sister selection,coefficient of variability for most plant traits and correlation coefficient between grain yield per plant and plant traits were decreased.The path coefficient between area of first leaf upside ear and grain yield per plant was first in three populations.Besides the number of green leaves was significant in HC2,the partial regression coefficient of plant height and stem perimeter were significant in all three populations.The number of tassels in HC2 population was decreased,and the correlation coefficient between grain yield per plant and the number of tassels was increased correspondingly.Leave area,stem perimeter,stay green characteristics and plant type were main plant traits need improvement together.