以尿素为起始物合成树枝状表面活性剂

Preparation Dendrimeric Carbamate Surfactant Using Urea as Starting Material

本文以尿素、二乙醇胺为原料,合成N,N,N′,N′-四羟乙基取代脲,该化合物再与尿素、二乙醇胺进一步反应制备表面含八个羟基、十六个羟基的树枝状分子(16-OH),产物经核磁共振(1H-NMR、13C-NMR)确定其结构。并对产物进行表面张力测试,结果表明,16-OH具有较好的表面活性,25℃时其临界胶束浓度为3.502mmol/L,溶液饱和吸附量Γmax为0.0015mmol/m2,临界胶束浓度下表面张力为35.7mN/m。研究表明此合成氨基甲酸酯类树枝状化合物的绿色路线可行。

N,N,N＇,N＇-tetrahydroxyethylurea was produced using reaction of urea with diethanolamine.Dendrimeric carbamates with eight hydroxyls（8-OH） and sixteen hydroxyls （16-OH） can be synthesized by reaction of N,N,N＇,N＇-tetrahydroxyethylurea with urea and diethanolamine alternatively,which is an eco-friendly route.The obtained products were analyzed by means of nuclear magnetic resonance（1H-NMR and 13C-NMR）.The testing of surface tension shows that 16-OH has good surface activity.The critical micelle concentration,the saturation surface excess and the surface tension values of 16-OH are 3.502 mmol/L,0.0015 mmol/m2 and 35.7 mN/m,respectively.The results show that this green synthetic route is feasible.