蔡邕碑颂对《尚书》典故、体式的运用及其风格特征——汉代文学与经学之关联管窥

On the Allusions,Patterns and Style Features in Cai Yong's Epigaphs Learning from Shang Shu——A Restricted View on the Association between the Literature and the Study of Confucian Classics in Han Dynasty

蔡邕碑颂具有鲜明的经学色彩,其与《尚书》更是有着密切关联。蔡邕本人不仅谙熟《尚书》,还与《尚书》传人有直接交往。其碑颂则大量运用《尚书》典故,且主要取自虞书。他在取典时遵循如下原则:典故与碑颂所言事象相契,所涉《尚书》政治角色与碑颂主人的官职相契,典故的取舍多与碑颂主人所治经典相契。对《尚书》典故的密集运用及体式因袭,使蔡邕碑颂具有鲜明的《尚书》风格。这正反映出汉代经学对文学的渗透与影响。

Cai Yong＇s epigraphs have the classical learning features,especially closely related with Shang Shu.Cai was an expert on Shang Shu and had direct contacts with its successors.In his epigraphs,Cai used so many allusions from Shang Shu,which were mainly selected from Yu Shu.The selecting and using had several principles as followed： the allusions should be matched to the things which were discripted in the epigraph,the political roles in Shang Shu should be matched to the the masters＇official positions in the epigraphs,most of the masters in the epigraphs were the successors of Shang Shu.As a result of intensively using the allusions of Shang Shu,as well as following its style features,Cai Yong＇s epigraphs had a vivid style of Shang Shu.This phenomenon reflects the influence of the study of Confucian classics on Literature in Han Dynasty.