贵州东南部卡林型金矿区苔藓植物研究

Study on bryophytes from carlin gold deposit of southeastern Guizhou Province

通过对贵州东南部卡林型金矿区苔藓植物的调查,共采集到苔藓植物标本505份,记录了苔藓植物23科,43属,115种。其中苔类7科,8属,8种;角苔1科,1属,1种;藓类15科,34属,106种。丛藓科Pottiaceae、真藓科Bryaceae、灰藓科Hypnaceae、羽藓科Thuidiaceae为该矿区的优势科。真藓属Bryum Dill.、扭口藓属Barbula Hedw.、青藓属Brachythecium B.S.G.、石灰藓属Hydrogonium(C.Muell.)Jaeg.、毛口藓属Trichostomum Bruch.和湿地藓属Hyophila Brid.为该矿区的优势属。研究区内苔藓植物生活型有5种类型,分别为:矮丛集型、平铺型、交织型、垫状和树形,以矮丛集和交织型占优势。苔藓植物区系地理成分有12种类型,以北温带成分、热带亚洲、东亚成分和中国特有种占优势。比较贵州东南部卡林型金矿区和贵州西部烂泥沟卡林型金矿苔藓植物,两矿区苔藓植物在科的组成、属的组成、生活型类别、区系地理成类型等方面均有较高的相似性,可能与两矿区的地理位置、环境状况和同为卡林型金矿地质背景有关。

Based on the extensive investigation of the bryophytes specimens from carlin gold deposit of southeastern Guizhou Province.505 bryophytes specimens were collecting,and 115 species in 43 genera of 23 families were found from the carlin gold deposit,of which 8 species are Hepaticae species belonging to 8 genera of 7 families,106 species are Musci belonging to 34 genera of 15 families,1 species in 1 genus is Anthocerotae.Pottiaceae,Bryaceae,Hypnaceae,Thuidiaceae are the dominate families and Bryum,Barbula,Brachythecium,Hydrogonium,Trichostomum and Hyophila are the dominate genus in carlin gold deposit of southeastern Guizhou Province.There are five types life-forms in this areas,which were Short turfs,Mats,Wefts,Cushions and Pendants.And Short turfs,Mats are the dominate life-forms.The geographical elements in this area are complex and can be classified into 12 types.North temperate zone elements,Tropical Asia elements,Eastern Asia elements and Endemic to China were the dominate elements.The bryophytes were comparing between in the carlin gold deposit of southeastern Guizhou Province and in Lannigou carlin gold deposit of west Guizhou Province.The result showed that the family,the genus of bryophytes,their life-forms,their geographical elements are high similarity.It＇s may be affected by geographical sits,quality of environment and the ground of Carling gold deposit.