云南省罗平县三条喀斯特河谷苔藓植物生态特征研究

A study on ecological characteristics of bryophytes in three karst river valleys,Luoping County,Yunnan Province

以云南省罗平县境内的多依河(含三江口)、九龙瀑布群、转长河三条典型的亚热带喀斯特河流作为研究区,探讨研究区内苔藓植物的种类、群落、生态及环境适应等。研究结果表明,该研究区共有苔藓植物45科110属281种(包括变种和亚种),其中角苔类有1科1属1种,苔类有13科21属38种,藓类有31科88属242种。苔藓植物的生活型以丛集型和交织型为主,共占了总种数的87.7%,与此地区多钙华、气候温热、环境潮湿的亚热带河谷的自然概况相协调。由于该研究区域气候温湿,河谷两岸偶有喀斯特石漠化现象,因此苔藓群落以水生群落和石生群落为主。区内钙华生苔藓植物共有17科(占总科数的37.8%)41属(占总属数的37.3%)77种(占总种数的27.4%),种类十分丰富,但在科、属或种的水平上均无十分明显的区域特异性。

Duoyihe Scenic Spot（including Sanjiangkou Spot）,Jiulong Waterfall Group Scenic Spot and Zhuanchanghe River are 3 typical karst river valleys in Luoping County,Yunnan Province,China.This study investigated the taxa,community,ecology and environmental accommodating of the bryophytes in the 3 river valleys.The results showed that,in the studied area,there were 281 bryophyte taxa（including subspecies and varieties） in 110 genera and 45 families,among which there were 1 species of Athocerotae in 1 genus of 1 family,38 taxa of Hepaticae belonging to 21 genera and 13 families,242 taxa of Musci belonging to 88 genera and 31 families.Bryophyte life-forms were dominated by Wefts and Turfs（including both Short and Tall turfs） which aggregately occupied 87.7% of the total species amount;the most bryophyte communities were Hydrophytia and Petrophytia.Both life-form spectrum and community were corresponding with the natural circumstance which was warm,moist and rich in tufa.Among the 281 species of bryophytes,tufa bryophytes were classified into 77 species（37.8% of the total species） belonging to 39 genera（37.3% of the total genera） and 16 families（27.4% of the total families）.Although tufa bryophytes were abundant,regional specificity was not presented clearly at family,genus or species level.