云南省山合欢地理种源变异性研究

Phenotypic Variation of Geographic Provenance of Albizzia kalkora in Yunnan Province

为给山合欢的良种选育及营造速生丰产林提供理论基础,采集并分析了云南昆明、元谋、鹤庆、华坪、新平、元江、曲靖7个县、市的山合欢的豆荚数量性状,不同种源间进行了栽培试验和室内、田间种子发芽试验。结果表明:不同种源间种子发芽率差异显著,果荚长有很大差异,50粒种子鲜重和千粒重差异显著,种子粒数和果荚宽差别不大;经主成分分析,性状分化是水分、温度2个主要因子与地理因子综合作用的结果;相关分析得出,地理变异在海拔、纬度梯度上都呈连续渐变。3年栽培试验表明:不同地理种源苗高生长差异明显,以3年生苗高选出元谋、鹤庆、华坪3个优良种源。

The pod quantitative character of different Albizzia kalkora provenances collected from seven counties in Yunnan province was analyzed,and the cultivation test and seed germination tests were conducted in door and field to select good Albizzia kalkora provenances from tested Albizzia kalkora provenances.The results showed that there were significant difference in seed germination rate,50-seed fresh weight and 1000-seed weight and obvious difference in pod length,and there were no obvious difference in seed number per pod and pod width among tested provenances.The principal component analysis indicates that the water and temperature are the main factors with geographic factor affecting character differentiation.The correlation analysis indicates that its geographic variation shows gradually change with different altitude and latitude gradients.The three-year cultivation test showed that there was obvious difference in plant height among different provenances,and three good Albizzia kalkora provenances were selected.The experiment results provide a theoretical basis for breeding and building fast-growing and high-plantation of Albizzia kalkora.