焚书坑儒的真伪虚实——半桩伪造的历史

Reconstructing the Facts of So-called "Burning Books and Burying Confucian Scholars Alive"

焚书是可靠的史实,史料来源于《奏事》。坑儒是三重伪造的历史,其第一个版本是收入于《说苑.反质》的历史故事,第二个版本是《史记.秦始皇本纪》,其定本是《诏定古文尚书序》。焚书坑儒,是一个用真实的焚书和虚假的坑儒巧妙合成的伪史。编造者,是儒家的经师,编造的时间,在东汉初年,编造的目的,在于将儒家的经典抬举为圣经,将儒生们塑造为殉教的圣徒,为儒学的国教化制造舆论。

＂Burning books＂ is authentic historical fact whose source came from the Zoushi（《奏事》）.However,according to the author,there is triple falsification in the parlance of ＂burying Confucian scholar alive＂.The first invented version is a story in the Fanzhi of Shuoyuan（《说苑·反质》）,the second is in the Basic Annals of Emperor Qin Shihuang of the Historical Records（《史记·秦始皇本纪》）,and the final version is presented in the Preface of the Standard Tushery Shangshu Edited under the Imperial Decree（《诏定古文尚书序》）.＂Burning books and burying Confucian scholars alive＂ is a feigned historical event that was produced by craftily combining the veritable ＂burning books＂ with the invented ＂burying Confucian scholars alive＂ by the Confucian classics teachers during the early Eastern Han Dynasty in order to make the Confucian classics to be revered as the sacred texts,to reshape the Confucians as martyrs,and to prepare the public opinions for establishing Confucianism as the state religion.