营卫调节方对兔血管外膜损伤致内膜增生性病变的干预作用

Effects of Ying and Wei accommodation herbal decoction on vascular adventitial injury-induced carotid artery intimal hyperplasia in rabbits

目的探讨营卫调节方在兔颈动脉外膜损伤致动脉粥样硬化中的作用。方法新西兰大白兔高脂喂养2周后,剔除血脂水平不高者,采用胶原酶消化+机械分离的方法建立兔单侧颈动脉外膜损伤模型,对侧行假手术。术后继续高脂饮食喂养,随机分为正常对照组、外膜损伤组以及营卫调节方+外膜损伤组,分别于术后1、2、4、8周处死,取目标颈动脉行苏木精-伊红染色观察动脉粥样硬化病变情况,采用免疫组织化学法检测血管局部病变成分,酶联免疫吸附试验检测组织及外周血中炎性因子水平。结果与外膜损伤组相比,营卫调节方+外膜损伤组的兔颈动脉内膜增生病变减轻,表现为外膜损伤2周后仅出现内膜轻度增生,损伤4～8周后内膜增生逐渐消退;此外,血管平滑肌细胞的迁移以及血管局部组织和循环中的白细胞介素-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平也显著降低(P值均<0.05)。结论颈动脉外膜损伤结合高脂饲料饮食能建立动脉粥样硬化动物模型,营卫合剂治疗后可缩小斑块面积以及降低体内炎性因子水平,抑制动脉粥样硬化的进展。

Objective To explore the effect of Ying and Wei accommodation herbal decoction on carotid artery intimal hyperplasia induced by vascular adventitial injury in rabbits.Methods New Zealand white rabbits were fed with high cholesterol diet for about two weeks,then those without hyperlipidemia were excluded.The unilateral vascular adventitial injury model was established by collagenase digestion and mechanical dissection of the carotid arteries;the contralateral side received sham operation.After the operation,model animals were fed with high cholesterol until the end of the study and were randomly divided into three groups：control group,adventitial injury group,and Ying and Wei accommodation herbal decoction treatment plus adventitial injury group.The animals were sacrificed at 1,2,4 and 8 weeks after the operation.The atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated by H-E staining and immunohistochemical assay,and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in carotid artery tissues and peripheral blood were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）.Results Compared with the adventitial injury group,carotid artery intimal hyperplasia was significantly inhibited in animals of Ying and Wei group.There was only mild intimal hyperplasia at 2 weeks and regressed intimal hyperplasia at 4-8 weeks after the operation.Furthermore,the migration of vascular smooth muscle cell and levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in carotid artery tissues and peripheral blood were also significantly decreased in the Ying and Wei group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Vascular adventitial injury plus high cholesterol diet can be used to establish atherosclerotic animal model.Ying and Wei accommodation herbal decoction can decrease the plaque burden as well as levels of inflammatory factors in vivo,thus inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis.（Shanghai Med J,2010,33：740-743）