论加拿大文学中的“多元文化”、“守备心理”和“求生主题”

A Critique of "Cultural Mosaic","Garrison Mentality" and "Survival Thesis" in the Study of Canadian Literature

加拿大文学(主要是英语)是充满生命力的新兴文学,近半个世纪以来的蓬勃发展尤其引人注目,逐渐在世界文坛占有一席之地。多年来,在加拿大文学的兴起和发展中形成了三个有一定普遍性的观点,即"多元文化"、"守备心理"、和"求生主题"。澄清这些观点的来龙去脉,并对其实质进行实事求是的分析和评判,指出其合理与不合理的部分,对于还原加拿大文学的本来风貌有着积极、重要的作用。

Canadian literature （mainly in English） is a vibrant and rising literature. With its fast and impressive development in the past 50 years or so,it has firmly established itself in the realm of world literature. Over the years of its development three popular notions have formed themselves and are widely accepted,namely,the ＂garrison mentality,＂ the ＂survival thesis＂ and the ＂cultural mosaic.＂ It is important to trace these theoretical notions to their origins,assess their validity through analysis,and distinguish what is viable from what is not. Such a critique will help us to appreciate Canadian literature as it really is.