含沙水流中闸门槽蚀损的实验研究

Experimental Research of Cavitation Damage and Erosion in Gate Slots in Laden Flow

在工作断面为矩形的文透里型空化管中进行了挟沙水流中闸门槽的空蚀与磨损实验．门槽的宽深比B／D＝1．5，材质为铝，沙样为黄河沙与塑料沙．泥沙颗粒在门槽中的冲撞部位在滞点附近，其运动轨迹为随机性质的波段状．门槽下游不同部位的蚀损程度不同，严重部位在门槽下游分离型空腔的重附点附近．对不同挟沙浓度与水流流速对壁面蚀损量的影响进行了实验，结果表明，随着含沙量的提高，蚀损量增加．在本实验条件下，铝试件的特征蚀损点划率与含沙量的关系为N＝ASm＋B，与流速的2．66次方成比例，硬度较高的黄河沙，其蚀损量高于塑料沙．

This paper presents the experimental results about cavitation damage and erosion in gate slots in laden flow: the orbit of solid particles in gate slots, damage profile at down-stream of gate slot,influence of sediment concentration to bubbles collapsing pressure, relation between velocity of laden flow and damage, ef fect of perticles hardness on erosion of wall.