稷下学风与孟子之“辩”

Learning Atmosphere of Jixia Institute and Mencius's Debate

"好辩"是孟子语言的主要风格,在纵横论辩之风盛行的战国时代,孟子即因其善"辩"而卓然自显。人们多把孟子的"好辩"归因于战国时代的纵横风气,却忽略了作为文化中心的稷下学宫对孟子的影响:稷下的文化重心地位满足了孟子起而"辩"的需求;稷下盛行的"议论"风气促成孟子采取"论辩"的形式;而稷下"相生相灭"的辩驳特色,又影响了孟子的论辩风格。

Being quite eloquent is the main style of Mencius, in Warring States period, debate was popular and Mencius became outstanding because of his eloquence. People always attributed the eloquence of Mencius to the fighting atmosphere of Warring States period but ignored the influence of Jixia Institute, as a cultural center, on Mencius. The cultural center position of Jixia Institute satisfied the demand of Mencius with pursuit of debate, the popular discussion atmosphere of Jixia Institute facilitated Mencius to adopt the debate, and Jixia Institute＇ s debate style of dominating the opponents influenced the debate style of Mencius.