石松类生物碱成分研究的新进展

New Progress in the Study of Lycopodium Alkaloids

石松生物碱结构多变且具有复杂的多环骨架,该类生物碱奇特的多环结构使其成为化学和生物合成研究的热点之一。我国科学家从民间草药蛇足石杉中分得具有强效、低毒、高选择性抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的石杉碱甲,引起世界各国科学家的广泛注意。最近的关于石松生物碱的综述是由M a和Gang于2004年报道的,文章对1994到2004年间石松生物碱的研究进行了概括。其后又有从17种石松类植物中分离到84个新的石松生物碱报道,其中16个是骨架新颖的新生物碱。由此,文章对这些新生物碱的结构分类和生物活性进行了综述。

Lycopodium alkaloids are structurally diverse group of natural products with high complex polycyclic skeletons.These unusual systems have attracted great interest as challenging targets for total synthesis and biosynthetic studies.Huperzine A isolated from the Chinese folk medicinal herb,the whole plant of Huperzia serrata by Chinese scientists is the most well known,and appears to be the most potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.The last review on this class of alkaloids covering the reports on Lycopodium alkaloids that have been published between 1994 and 2004 was reported by Ma and Gang.Since then,84 new alkaloids from 17 Lycopodium plants have been reported including 16 novel structures.The structural classification and biological activity of these new Lycopodium alkaloids were reviewed.