野生观果植物白棠子的驯化繁育研究

Study on Domestication and Propagation of A Wild Fruit Ornamental Plant—Callicarpa dichotoma(Lour.)K.Koch

通过引种野生白棠子,对其进行驯化繁育,从生物学特性、繁殖方法、栽培技术等方面开展初步研究。结果表明：白棠子果实9月下旬至10月初开始变紫色,观果期从9月底至翌年1月,长达4个月,其中最佳观果期为10月下旬至11月中旬;采用200 mg/L GA3处理白棠子种子,萌芽率达到65.3%;白棠子扦插生根以皮部生根为主,采用500 mg/L NAA生根成活率达到83%;在不同立地条件下,白棠子移栽成活率均达到95%以上,均能当年开花结实,表现出良好的观赏性状,其中以平地沙壤土的生长表现更好;栽培管理上宜选择全光照或疏林环境栽培,5~8月份生长最旺盛,应在此期间加强肥水管理。白棠子观果性状突出,可应用于园林绿化、制作盆景和插花等。

This study introduced wild species of Callicarpa dichotoma（Lour.）K.Koch and studied on its domestication,biological characteristics,propagation method and cultivation techique.The results showed that color of Callicarpa＇s fruits turn to purple during late September to mid-October.Fruit ornamental period was during late Sepetember to next January,and the best ornamental period was during late Octobert to November.Germination rate of Callicarpa＇s seeds reached 65.3%,which have been treated with 200 mg/L GA3.The adventitious root developing from stem cuttings from Callicarpa belongs to thedermal-rooting type,survival rate got to 83%,when treated with 500 mg/L NAA.In different planting area,Callicarpa＇s survival rates of transplanting were all over 95%,could flower and mature normally,and showed great ornamental quality.Callicarpa present best growing in sandy loam.It＇s better to be cultivated in full exposure open forest land.Its vigorous growth season was from May to August,so during these season,should strengthen fertilizer and water management.Callicarpa dichotoma（Lour.）K.Koch was an elite fruit ornamental plant.It would be useful for application in gardening,bonsai and flower arrangement.