1961-2007年内蒙古气温时空变化特征分析

Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of temperature in Inner Mongolia during 1961-2007

利用1961-2007年长时间序列的气温资料,采用线性倾向估计、EOF(经验正交函数)分析和功率谱分析逐年、逐季地分析了内蒙古气温47年时空变化特征。结果表明:在全球变暖的大背景下,内蒙古气温也以0.45℃/10a的速度升高。东、中、西部年均温均一致升高,西部平均温度最高,中部次之,东部最低。东、中、西部四季的气温也呈现明显的增温趋势。年气温与四季气温的空间分布具有典型的一致性,反映了全区气温状况在大尺度的气候系统支配下,冷、暖趋于一致的空间特征。对内蒙古年、季气温EOF分解得到的时间系数进行功率谱分析,提取各模态时间变化的潜在周期,分析结果反映了内蒙古气温变化以长周期为主要振荡特征。

Based on long-time-series temperature data from 1961 to 2007,we analyzed annual and seasonal temperature changes in Inner Mongolia with linear trend estimation、empirical orthogonal function（EOF）method and spectral analysis method in time and spatial scale.The results indicated that the average temperature of Inner Mongolia increased at a speed of 0.45℃/10a in the context of global warming.The annual average temperature in eastern,central and western parts increased consistently.The western Inner Mongolia was the highest temperature area,the second high-temperature area was the central region,and the last one was the eastern region.Furthermore,seasonal temperatures in the three areas also showed a visible sign of warming trend.The spatial distribution of annual and seasonal temperature all showed a typical consistency,which reflected that the temperature conditions were consistently cold or warm under the domination of large-scale climate system.With the help of spectral analysis of the time coefficient,every potential modal time-varying period was studied,which showed that long period oscillations was the main features in temperature changes in Inner Mongolia.