考虑服务水平约束的零售商订货策略研究

Retailer's Order Policy with Service Level Constraint

顾客服务水平的高低是决定企业运营成败的关键。本文从运营/市场界面管理的视角,对考虑服务水平约束的零售商订货策略进行了研究,得到零售商的最优订货策略存在并且唯一。在确定性需求的情况下,零售商的最优订货量和最大利润均随服务水平的提高而增加。在随机性需求的情况下,当服务水平较低时,零售商的最优订货量和最大期望利润跟服务水平无关;当服务水平较高时,零售商的最优订货量是服务水平的增函数,零售商的最大期望利润是服务水平的减函数。最后,论文讨论了需求波动对零售商最优订货量的影响。

Service level is critical to enterprises＇ operations.We study the retailer＇s order policy with service level constraint from the view of operations/marketing interface.We derive that the retailer＇s optimal order policy is existent and unique both with determinate demand and stochastic demand.The retailer＇s order quantity and maximum profit are both increasing in service level in the case of determinate demand.With stochastic demand,if the service level is lower,the retailer＇s optimal order quantity and maximum expected profit are both irrelevant to service level,and if the service level is higher,the retailer＇s optimal order quantity is increasing in service level and maximum expected profit is decreasing in service level.At last,the effect of the demand variance on the retailer＇s optimal order policy is discussed in this paper.