读曹操《遗令》兼论曹操高陵及相关的问题

Reading Cao Cao’s "Posthumous Order" & Relevant Questions about Cao Cao’s Tomb

曹操高陵自2009年底被公布发现于河南安阳之后,引来各个方面质疑之声。究其原因是,曹操其人从宋代以来特别是文学作品中被人们奸臣化,成为"奸绝"。因此,对于曹操墓的被发现,以及从中没有出土属于曹操本人的铁证文物,故而备受人们关注。虽然此墓已被列为2009年十大考古新发现,但是本人认为其中仍有值得研究的内容。考古学毕竟是一门近代新兴科学,需综合各类科学成果才能使结论更加科学化、合符历史真实,其中也更少不了用历史文献作为考古发掘的指导和理论依据。当考古成果和历史记载吻合,这样的成果才没有遗憾。

The discovery of Cao Cao’s tomb in the end of 2009 at Anyang in Henan has lead to the voice of doubt from various aspects.As Cao Cao has been described as a traitor minister since the Song Dynasty,especially in the literature,the discovery of Cao Cao’s tomb,in which no identified cultural relics of Cao Cao himself was unearthed,becomes a hot topic.Although the tomb was listed the top ten archaeological discoveries in 2009,I think there are still some issues worthy of study.Archaeology,after all,is a new modern science,which requires a consolidation of all kinds of scientific results to make more scientific conclusions that comply with the historical facts,and more importantly to take the historical documents as the guidance and theoretical basis in the archaeological excavation.Only when the archaeological findings are identical with the historical records,is the result not regrettable.