医事赔偿若干法律问题研究——对92例医疗损害赔偿诉讼案的法律分析

Some legal problems in medical compensation——legal analysis on 92 lawsuit cases of medical impairment compensation.

目的 对医疗损害赔偿诉讼中相关法律问题进行研究，并提出相关的司法建议。方法 对１９９５～１９９８ 年法院、律师事务所、报刊杂志和本人代理收集的９２ 例医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件相关因素分析。结果 （１） 适用法律情况：民法通则７７ 例（８３．７ ％ ），《办法》６ 例（６．５２ ％ ） ，民法通则和《办法》３ 例（３．２６ ％ ） ，民法通则和消费者保护法３ 例（３．２６ ％ ） ，民法通则和产品质量法３ 例（３．２６ ％ ） 。（２） 赔偿事由：医疗事故５２ 例（５６．５２ ％ ） ，医疗差错６ 例（６．５２ ％ ） ，医疗意外６ 例（６．５２ ％ ） ，医疗侵权２８ 例（３０．４３ ％ ） 。（３） 认定机构：医疗事故鉴定委员会鉴定５４ 例（５８．７ ％ ） ，法医鉴定机构鉴定１５ 例（１６．３ ％ ） ，法院自行认定２３ 例（２５ ％ ） 。（４） 赔偿范围：经济补偿６ 例（６．５２ ％ ） ，经济赔偿５５ 例（５８．７８ ％ ） ，经济赔偿并补偿３ 例（３．２６ ％ ） ，经济赔偿并精神损害赔偿２８ 例（３０．４ ％ ） 。结论 （１） 医事赔偿适用法律随意性大，倾向于适用民法通则；（２） 医事赔偿事由扩大；（３） 医疗损害定性操作不一；（４）

Objective To study some legal problems in lawsuit cases of medical impairment compensation, and raise correlative judicatory opinions. Methods By retrospective investigation, 92 lawsuit cases associated with medical impairment compensation were collected from public documents of court, lawyer, newspapers, magazines, and author substituted cases during 1995～1998. All cases were statistically analyzed. Results (1) Statute of application: 77 cases of General Principle of CivilLaw (83.7%), 6 cases of Management of Medical Malpractice (6.52%), 3 cases of General Principle of Civil Law and Management of Medical Malpractice (3.26%), 3 cases of General Principle of Civil Law and Safeguard Law of the Consumer's Right and Interests (3.26%), 3 cases of General Principle of Civil Law and Product Quality Law (3.26%); (2) Reasons of compensation: medical malpractice 52 cases (56.52%), medical mistake 6 cases (6.52%), medical accident 6 cases (6.52%), medical tortious 28 cases (30.43%); (3) Identification organization: the medical malpractice judgement committee 54 cases (58.7%), the organization of forensic medicine expertise 15 cases (16.3%), court firmly believe 23 cases (25%); (4) The scope of compensation: financial compensation 6 cases (6.52%), financial recompensation 55 cases (58.78%), financial compensation and recompensation 3 cases (3.26%), financial recompensation and mental damage solatium 28 cases (30.4%). Conclusion (1) There were multilaw application in lawsuit cases of medical impairment compensation, tendency to apply the General Principle of Civil Law; (2) Claimed reasons for compensation were magnification; (3) The judgement of medical impairment compensation differs from case by case; (4) The scope and amount of medical impairment compensation were wider and larger.