牡丹江地区苍眉蝗莺繁殖期生态观察

Ecological Observation on Locustella fasciolata of Mudanjiang Region in Its Breeding Period

[目的]了解苍眉蝗莺的繁殖过程。[方法]历时9年,对30多只苍眉蝗莺跟踪观察以便掌握牡丹江地区苍眉蝗莺的迁抵时间与繁殖生育过程。[结果]雄鸟以鸣叫引起雌鸟的注意,雌鸟选择做巢的树木,一般都是幼龄乔木、灌木类树种。新巢用细软草茎、禾本科杂草以及绳头、塑料编织绳等物筑成。筑巢时间约为5d,新巢筑造时雌雄鸟开始交配。苍眉蝗莺的产卵时间多在早晨6:00～7:40,卵的纵径为2.0～2.1cm,横径为1.4～1.5cm,每巢4～9枚卵,孵化天数为12～14d。雌鸟产下最后1枚卵后便开始孵化。育雏期雌鸟总是在巢中守护,将全部幼雏覆于体下,雄鸟哺食,有时轮替。[结论]该研究为了解牡丹江地区苍眉蝗莺的迁徙繁殖规律奠定了基础。

[Objective]The purpose was to learn about the breeding course of Locustella fasciolata.[Method]In 9 years,more than 30 birds of L.fasciolata were being traced and observed so as to know their arrival time and breeding course in Mudanjiang region.[Result]The male birds attracted female birds by their call and female birds chose trees for constructing their nest,which were young arbor and shrub trees generally.The new nests were constructed of materials such as thin and soft grass stalk,Gramineae weeds,rope ends and blastic weaving ropes.The construction time was about 5 d and the female and male birds started to mate while constructing new nest.Most L.fasciolata laid eggs at 6：00-7：40 of early morning.The long and transverse diameters of eggs were 2.0-2.1 and 1.4-1.5 cm,there were 4-9 eggs in each nest and their hatching periods were 12-14 d.The female birds started to hatch eggs after they laid the last egg.In brood period,the female birds always protected young birds in nest and cover all the young birds under their bodies,the male birds fed them,sometimes the female and male birds would exchange their jobs alternatively.[Conclusion]This study laid a foundation for learning about the migration and breeding regularity of L.fasciolata in Mudanjiang region.