3个脐橙新品种在广西引种的表现及其评价

Experiment in the Introduction of 3 New Navel Orange Cultivars in Guangxi and the Evaluation of their Performance

[目的]综合评价卡拉卡拉、Lanelate、Summergold脐橙3个新品种在广西引种的表现。[方法]2005年春,引入枳橙砧卡拉卡拉定植于广西柑桔研究所,定植规格为3m×2m,2006年5月、6月和10月分别引入Lanelate、Summergold脐橙,高接于2005年定植的卡拉卡拉,每个品种高接5～8株;2006年10月,在富川县徐岷脐橙园将卡拉卡拉、Lanelate、Summergold脐橙高接于2005年春植枳壳砧纽荷尔脐橙,每个品种高接6～8株,当年12月,将每个品种中的3株高接树移植到富川县贺州柑桔苗木繁育中心引种圃,种植规格为2.0m×1.2m;2006年10月在融水县将Lanelate、Summergold、卡拉卡拉脐橙品种高接于红壤坡地2003年植枳壳砧纽荷尔脐橙,每个品种高接3～5株。每年观察记录物候期、植物学特性、适应性及抗性,结果后调查分析各品种果实主要性状、结果性能等。[结果]卡拉卡拉、Lanelate、Summergold脐橙均表现生长快、结果早,较抗旱的特征,其中卡拉卡拉树势稍旺,树形开张,树冠圆头形,果实11月下旬至12月上旬成熟,甜酸适中,化渣,表现为中熟、高产、优质,脐黄中等特征,裂果较少。Lanelate树势稍弱,树形开张,树冠扁圆头形,果实11月下旬至12月上中旬成熟,甜酸适中,味浓,表现为中熟、优质,产量中等,脐黄多等特征,裂果少。Summergold树势中等,树形稍开张,树冠圆头形,果实11月下旬至12月中旬成熟,甜酸适中,化渣,表现为中熟、高产、优质,脐黄中等偏多特征,裂果少。[结论]3个品种均值得推广。

[Objective] The integrated performance of 3 new navel orange cultivars：Cara cara,Lanelate and Summergold,which were introduced in Guangxi,was evaluated through the experiment.[Method] The Cara cara was introduced and planted with the distance of 3 m×2 m in the spring of 2005 in Guangxi Citrus Research Institute and the Lanelat and Summergold were introduced in May,June and Oct of 2006 and grafted in the Cara cara at high position with 5-8plants/cultivar; and in Oct of 2006,the Cara cara,Lanelate and Summergold were grafted in the cultivar—Newheer at high position with 6-8plants/cultivar in Xuming Orange Garden of Fuchuan County.In the Dec of 2006,3 grafting orange plants were of each cultivar were transplanted with the planting distance of 2.0m×1.2m in the Hezhou Center of Navel Orange Cultivars Multiplication,Breeding and Introduction of Fuchuan County.In Oct of 2006,the 3 cultivars were grafted in Newheer at high position with 3-5 plants/cultivar.The phenophase,the botany characteristic,the adaptability and resistance were observed every year,and then,main character of the fruit,the fruit-bearing ability and others of every cultivar were analyzed.[Results] The navel orange：Cara cara,Lanelate and Summergold planted in net awning was observed in Guilin,and has made the synthetic evaluation.The result indicated that the navel orange：Cara cara,Lanelate and Summergold displayed quickly growing,early fruit-bearing and the resistance to drought.Among these cultivars,the Cara cara tree was slightly prosperous,the tree shape was open,the crown was roundhead shape,the ripen period was from late November to early December,the flavor is moderate sweet and acid,without residue.And the cultivar was with moderate maturity period,high-yielding,good-quality,moderate navel yellow and few dehiscent fruit.The Lanelate tree was slightly weak,the tree shape was open,the crown was flat roundhead shape and the ripening time was in late November to early or middle December,its sweet and acid was moderate and the flavor was heavy,And the cultivar was with moderate maturity period,good-quality,middle-yielding,rich navel yellow and few dehiscent fruit.The Summergold tree was medium,the shape of tree was slightly open,the crown was roundhead shape,the fruit ripening time was in late November to mid-December,the flavor is moderate sweet and acid,without residue.And the cultivar was with moderate maturity period,high-yielding,good-quality,middle/rich navel yellow and few dehiscent fruit.[Conclusion] The three varieties were worth extension.