不同品种矮牵牛在银川地区的生长发育表现

Growth and Development Performance of Different Petunia hybrida Varieties in Yinchuan Region

[目的]为银川地区矮牵牛的推广培育提供理论依据。[方法]以引进的4个矮牵牛品种(F1地毯、F2轻浪、F3二重唱、F4紫色旋转)为材料,在日光温室中进行穴盘育苗,营养袋种植,比较4个品种的出苗率、生长和开花状况。[结果]在日光温室条件下,F1、F2、F3出苗均匀,出苗率达95%,而F4出苗较晚且出苗率较低。F1、F3品种茎矮而粗壮,叶片匀称,花大而繁茂,株形优美,生长势强,符合栽培要求。F2品种茎细而高,花朵小而稀少,缺乏美感。F4品种生长势较弱。4个品种中,F3的花苞直径、花冠径最大,F4花苞直径最小且开花时间最晚。[结论]4个矮牵牛品种中,F(二重唱)性状表现最好,F(地毯)次之,可作为花坛花卉大量推广培育。

[Objective]The purpose was to supply theoretical basis for the popularization and cultivation of Petunia hybrida in Yinchuan region.[Method]With 4 introduced P.hybrida varieties （F1：Carpet,F2：Easy wave; F3：Duo; F4：Purple pirouette） as materials,they were seedling-raising in hole-plates and planted in nutrition bags in sunlight greenhouse for comparing their germination,growth and flowering status.[Result]In sunlight greenhouse,the seedling emergences of F1,F2 and F3 were uniform and their seedling emergence rates reached 95%; the seedling emergence of F4 was later and its seedling emergence rate was lower.The varieties F1 and F3 had short and thick stems,balanced leaves,large and lush flowers,beautiful plant shape and strong growth potential,so they accorded with cultivation requirements.The variety F2 had thin and high stems,small and rare flowers,and was lack of beauty.The growth potential of the variety F4 was weaker.Among the 4 varieties,the calyx diameter and corolla diameter of F3 were biggest; the calyx diameter of F4 was smallest and it bloomed latest.[Conclusion]Among the 4 P.hybrida varieties,the character performance of F3 （Duo） was best,the second was F1 （Carpet） and they could be popularized and cultivated as flowering plant in flower bed in large scale.