冰鲜鱼贮运过程中耗冰量估算模型的建立与验证

Construction and verification of a model used for estimating ice consumption during iced fresh fish distribution

运用传热学基本理论对冰鲜鱼贮运过程中泡沫箱内与泡沫箱外环境间的传热过程进行分析,建立了一维稳态传热条件下的耗冰量估算模型。5～25℃条件下的导热系数测定表明,在该温度段范围内泡沫箱的导热系数变化不明显,为0.0356～0.0364W/(m·K)。通过箱外温度分别为5℃、10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃环境条件下的稳态传热模拟实验,用获得的实际耗冰量数值,验证建立的估算模型。数学检验表明各,温度条件下耗冰量估算模型的估算值和实验实际值的相对偏差在6.5%～15.5%,平均偏差为11.4%;耗冰量估算模型的偏差因子(Bf)和准确性因子(Af)分别为0.897和1.114,实验结果显示,所建立的耗冰量估算模型能较准确地估算箱外温度基本恒定条件下,箱内鱼体温度不超过1℃时的耗冰量。本研究旨在为冰鲜鱼贮运过程中用冰量的准确估测提供技术依据。

Using the basic theory of heat transfer we analyzed the heat transfer between inside foam box and outside foam box during iced fresh fish distribution and established mathematical model to estimate the ice consumption during iced fresh fish distribution under one-dimensional steady-state condition.Foam box thermal conductivity tests were conducted under 5-25℃.The results showed that the values of foam boxes thermal conductivity were among 0.035 6-0.036 4 W·m-1·K-1.Through steady-state heat transfer simulation experiments that were conducted under the temperatures outside the foam boxes,which were 5℃,10℃,15℃,20℃ and 25℃ respectively,the observed values of ice consumption were used to validate the exactness of the estimated ice consumption model.Mathematical tests showed that the relative deviation between estimated and observed values of ice consumption were in the range of 6.5% to 15.5%,mean relative deviation was 11.4%,and the bias factor and accuracy factor of ice consumption model were 0.897 and 1.114 respectively.All of these showed that the estimated ice consumption model based on the one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer,can precisely estimate the ice consumption for maintaining the temperature of fish below 1℃ in foam box and the temperature outside the foam box is invariableness.So the established mathematical model could provide reference for ice addition during iced fresh fish distribution.