植物细胞自噬研究进展

Progress in Plant Autophagy

细胞自噬是真核生物中进化保守的对细胞内物质进行周转的重要过程,该过程中一些损坏的蛋白或细胞器被双层膜结构的自噬小泡包裹后送入溶酶体(动物)或液泡(酵母和植物)中进行降解并得以循环利用。植物中通过序列比对鉴定了诸多自噬相关基因并分离到了部分细胞自噬功能缺陷的突变体,这些研究均推进了我们对植物细胞自噬机制和功能的了解。本文主要综述了植物细胞自噬分子机制和生理功能的研究进展。

Autophagy is an important process for the turnover of cytoplasmic components,during which damaged proteins and organelles are engulfed in double membrane vesicles called autophagosomes and delivered into lysosomes（in mammal） or vacuoles（in yeast/plant） for degradation and recycling.Autophagy is conserved in higher eukaryotes including plants.The identification of ATG genes in plants based on sequence alignment and isolation of autophagy-defective plants both contributed to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and the role of autophagy in plants.In this review,we focus mainly on the research progress in the mechanisms and the physiological roles of plant autophagy.