艺术、文学与纯文学——关于艺术学升格的学理考辩

Art,Literature,and Pure Literature:Theoretical Debate on the Upgrade of Art Discipline

从艺术发生学角度来看,艺术与文学是同时发生的。东西方人文传统中,都有以艺术囊括文学的价值取向,迄今有关"文化"的概念定义中,多提及"艺术"而不提或很少提及文学。文学与艺术名为二实则一,文学与艺术是同质性的文化存在,艺术与文学并列叙述其实与以"艺术"一词统而称之并无二致,只不过作为语言艺术的文学是艺术大家族的显赫成员,其创作成绩和实际影响力,实可与所有其它的艺术门类的创作成绩和实际影响力相提并论。因此,将"艺术"与"文学"并举或将艺术作为独立学科门类下辖一级学科文学,已经成为必然的趋势。

Art and literature occur at the same time.Generally speaking,literature is included into art either in oriental or western humanistic thought.So far,scholars have been accustomed to referring to art instead of literature in definitions relevant to culture.Actually,literature and art do not separate but associate intimately,and they are the same as a cultural entity.Therefore,we can either put literature and art together or we could make ＂ art＂ a collective word.However,as a linguistic art and with its creative achievement and far reaching influence,literature could be mentioned with other art forms in the same breath.In conclusion,it is an inevitable trend for art to be an independent discipline governing the first-grade discipline literature.