组织工程韧带支架材料的选择及其生物相容性

Selection and biocompatibility of tissue engineered ligament scaffolds

目的:总结修复韧带损伤的主要生物材料及研究进展,强调韧带的损伤类型,评价修复运动性韧带损伤中所应用的组织工程韧带支架的各种生物材料的性能和应用,寻找合理的组织工程韧带支架材料。方法:由第一作者采用电子检索的方式,在PubMed数据库及万方数据库中检索1999-01/2010-07有关生物材料应用于组织工程韧带支架的研究文章,中文关键词为"重建韧带,生物材料,人工韧带,组织工程,支架材料";英文关键词为"cruciate ligamen,LARS artificial ligament,ligament reconstruction"。排除重复研究、普通综述或Meta分析类文章,筛选纳入19篇文献进行评价。结果:论述了组织工程支架材料的选择及其生物相容性,虽然目前的研究取得了较大的进步,但仅处在起步阶段,距离大规模的临床应用还很远。结论:天然及合成高分子材料作为组织工程支架材料都有各自的优缺点,绝大多数还处于研究阶段,尚未应用至临床,因此改进他们作为支架材料的性能是目前研究的主要方向之一。

OBJECTIVE： To summarize the major biomaterials and research progress for the repair of ligament injury, to emphasize the type of ligament injury, to evaluate the properties and applications of various biomaterials for tissue engineered scaffolds applied in the repair of sports ligament injury, and to find a reasonable tissue engineered ligament scaffold. METHODS： A computer research of PubMed database and Wanfang database between January 1999 and July 2010 was performed for articles about biological materials applied in tissue engineered ligament scaffolds, using the Chinese key words of ＂ligament reconstruction, bio-materials, artificial ligaments, tissue engineering, scaffolds＂ and English Key words of ＂cruciate ligament, LARS artificial ligament, ligament reconstruction＂. Duplicated research, reviews or Meta analysis were excluded, finally 19 articles were involved in the evaluation. RESULTS： The selection and biocompatibility of scaffolds for tissue engineering have been discussed, although the present study has achieved great progress, it is still only in the initial stage, and long away from large-scale clinical application. CONCLUSION： The natural and synthetic polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering have its own advantages and disadvantages, most are still in the research stage and have not been applied to clinical practice, so improving their performance as a scaffold is one of the future study directions.