马克思主义史学五大家论史家修养

The five famous Chinese Marxism historians’thoughts of historical cultivation

郭沫若、范文澜、翦伯赞、吕振羽、侯外庐被称为中国马克思主义史学五大家,他们以马克思主义理论为指导,结合现代史学发展要求,批判性继承传统史家修养论,对史家修养进行了比较全面的阐述。如果运用传统史学的才、学、识、德来概括和分析他们的思想,主要包括:关于史才,着重论述了史料的搜集和整理、治史方法和撰述的技艺问题;关于史学,主要论述了专与通,拓展知识的途径,掌握外语的重要性问题;关于史识,主要阐述了掌握马克思主义理论的重要性及其学习和运用的态度与方法问题;关于史德,倡导树立求真务实的科学精神和学术的民主作风,提倡谦虚谨慎和勇于学术创新的品质。他们的史家修养论是中国现代史家修养论的重要组成部分,对当代史家提高自身修养有重要启示。

Five famous Chinese Marxism historians＇ history cultivations are as follows： the first, historical talent, including the collecting, selecting and organizing the historical data; the second, historical knowledge, including specialization and expandability, the ways to expand knowledge, understanding and mastering foreign languages; the third, historical knowledge, embodying Marxism＇ s theory importance, and the attitude and method of theory learning and applying; the fourth, historical virtues, including equivalent to having the truth of the scientific spirit and initiating academic democracy, carrying forward criticism and self - criticism, being modest and brave in academic innovation.