氮肥施用策略对棉花干物质积累及产量构成的影响

Effects of Using Strategy of N Fertilizer on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Component of Cotton

【目的】明确膜下滴灌棉花不同氮肥施用策略对棉花生长的影响。【方法】在新疆库尔勒市包头湖农场进行大田试验,对不同生育期棉株干物质积累进行测定。【结果】各处理棉株干物质积累动态都呈"S"型曲线,用Logistic生长函数进行拟合,模型拟合较好;棉花干物质积累速率最快时间在初花期至盛铃期,棉株干物质积累总量与皮棉产量之间存在很好的一致性,各处理间单株铃数、籽棉产量、皮棉产量存在显著差异,而各个处理间单铃重和衣分差异不显著。【结论】在蕾期、花铃期前轻后重,盛铃期前重后轻的施肥策略能够获得较高的干物质积累量,其产量也最大。

【Objective】To reveal effects of using strategy of nitrogen fertilizer on cotton mulching film with drip irrigation.【Method】An experiment was carried in Korla of Xinjiang,China,and dry matter accumulation of cotton in different growth stage and yield were tested.【Result】The dynamic state of dry matter accumulation of cotton with different treatments in whole growth period was S curve type,which could be modeled by Logistic function.There was good correlativity between dry matter accumulation and yield of cotton.Bolls per plant and yield had significant difference resulted from using strategy of nitrogen fertilizer,but not weight per boll and lint percentage.【Conclusion】The top-dressing strategy is as follows：first usage is less than second in bud growing period and flower and bull growing period,then first usage is more than second in middle and back boll period,which could have high dry matter accumulation and yield.