葡萄扦插苗立枯病的病原鉴定及其药剂防治

Aetiological Identification and Fungicidal Control of the Pathogen of Grape Cutting Seedling Blight Disease

【目的】查明温室大棚中葡萄扦插苗大量死亡的病原及其防治的有效药剂。【方法】通过常规分离培养、形态学鉴定、致病性测定、细胞核染色等方法鉴定其病原,通过室内药剂筛选有效药剂。【结果】造成葡萄扦插苗死亡的主要致病菌为立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani),品种间发病有明显差异,高墨品种最为感病。药剂筛选证明:甲基立枯磷和五氯硝基苯对病菌的抑制效果良好。【结论】温室大棚中葡萄扦插苗死亡的主要病原为立枯丝核菌,应参照立枯病的方法进行防治,所用药剂可选用甲基立枯磷和五氯硝基苯等。

【Objective】This study aimed to determine the cause of mass death of the grape cutting seedling in greenhouse and find efficient fungicide.【Method】Pathogens were isolated to be identified by morphological method,pathogenical determination and nuclei dyeing,the efficient fungicides were screened in the laboratory.【Result】The result showed that the main pathogen which caused the grape cutting seedling blight disease was Rhizoctonia solani.Disease incidence among different varieties had conspicuous differences.Gaomo was the most susceptible to Rhizoctonia solani.The pathogen can significantly be inhibited by Tolclofos-methyl and pentachloronitrobenzene（PCNB）.【Conclusion】The main pathogen which caused the grape cutting seedling blight disease was Rhizoctonia solani. The efficient fungicides were Tolclofos-methyl and pentachloronitrobenzene（PCNB）.