涂料发射率对航行舰艇红外特征的影响研究

Influence of Coating Emissivity on the Infrared Characterization of Sailing Ships

随着红外探测与制导技术的飞速发展,对于舰艇红外特征及其隐身技术的研究具有越来越重要的军事意义。根据合理的假设,将复杂的三维辐射与对流耦合瞬态导热问题简化为一维瞬态导热问题。在短波吸收率为0.5固定不变的前提下,通过改变涂料表面发射率,利用有限体积法模拟不同航速下,舰艇表面温度与辐射强度在一天中温度较高和较低的两个时刻的变化。通过研究发现:舰艇在一定航速、不同时刻和不同波段内,动态红外特征达到最低值的发射率不等,白天略低于晚上,航速越高,最优发射率越小。该结论对舰艇红外隐身涂料发射率的研究具有重要参考意义。

With the rapid development of infrared detection and missile-guidance technology,the research on the infrared characterization and infrared stealth of ships gains more military importance.According to the proper hypothesis,a three-dimensional radiation and convection-coupled instantaneous heat transfer problem was simplified into one-dimensional instantaneous heat transfer problem.In this paper,the shortwave absorption was supposed to be 0.5.Based on the Finite Volume Method,we obtained the change of surface temperature and the distribution of radiant intensity of sailing ship with different coating emissivity and sailing speeds by simulation at certain higher and lower temperature time in a day.The results showed that at some sailing speeds,the optimum coating emissivity making the warship infrared characteristics lowest is different at different time and wavelength,the optimum value in daytime is less than that at night,the optimum value is far less for the higher speed.The conclusion is meaningful and referable for the emissivity research of infrared stealth coatings.