滇型不育系和恢复系的配合力分析

Combining Ability Analysis of Male Sterile Lines with Restorer Lines in Dian-Type Japonica Hybrid Rice

用生产上广为应用的9个粳稻不育系和8个粳稻恢复系为亲本,采用p×q不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)设计,对其F1代10个农艺性状的配合力进行了分析。结果表明,10个性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力均达显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)水平。单株产量、穗总粒数、有效穗主要受非加性效应的影响,实粒数、结实率、着粒密度同时受加性效应和非加性效应影响,千粒重、穗长、株高、播抽历期主要受加性效应的影响。单株产量、穗总粒数、结实率、穗长、着粒密度受不育系影响较大,而实粒数、千粒重、有效穗、株高、播抽历期受恢复系的影响较大。高配合力的亲本是选育强优势组合的重要基础,要选育高产量的杂交组合,不育系的选择比较重要。不育系以滇粳优2号A、合系41A、滇粳优5-1A、大理香谷A较好,有较大的应用潜力。恢复系以南34、香糯选、南29选和南34选较好。

The combining ability analysis on 10 agronomic characters of nine Dian-type CMS lines and 8 restorer lines widely used was conducted by the way of p x q incomplete diallel cross （ NC II ） design. The results showed that both general combining ability （GCA） and specific combining ability （SCA） of all the characteristics were significant at 5% or 1% level. The grain weight of per plant, spikelets per panicle and panicles per plant were mainly affected by the non-additive effect, while 1 000-grain weight, panicle length and days from sowing to heading were mainly controlled by the additive effect. And the filled spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate and grain density were controlled by both additive and non-additive effects. The grain weight per plant, spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, panicle length and grain density were more greatly influenced by male sterile （MS） lines rather than by restorer R lines, other characters were more greatly influenced by R lines than by MS lines. Parents with higher GCA and bigger variance of SCA is important for developing hybrid combinations with stronger heterosis, and the MS lines is mainly for breeding high-yield rice hybrids. Based on GCA and SCA of the parents, MS lines of Dianjingyou 2A, Hexi 41A, Dianjingyou 5-1A, Dalixianggu A, and R lines of Nan 34, Xiangnuoxuan, Nan 29 xuan, Nan 34 xuan would be recommendable.