黄河内蒙古河段防凌防洪运用方式研究

Study on Operational Modes of Ice Flood Control and Flood Control at Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River

从分析龙羊峡、刘家峡两水库运行前后内蒙古河段的凌汛特点、水沙条件变化规律入手,对黄河内蒙古河段的防凌需求和防洪需求进行了研究。结果表明：在防凌方面,封河期河道流量应维持在650~700 m3/s,在稳封期流量逐步递减,开河期流量应维持在450~500 m3/s,需要防凌库容8.31亿~11.04亿m3;在防洪方面,内蒙古河段调水调沙控制指标以流量维持在2 500 m3/s左右、持续时间约12 d为宜,需要水量25亿m3,扣除调水调沙时期河道平均流量并考虑区间引水和支流来水,要实现宁蒙河段的调水调沙指标,还需要补水约19.5亿m3。

The paper studies the demands for ice flood control and flood control of Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River based on the analysis of characteristics of ice flood and variation laws of silt-discharge condition of the section before and after the operation of Longyangxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs.The outcomes show that a） on ice flood control aspect,the channel discharge in freezing period should maintain 650-700 m3/s.The discharge decreases gradually in steady freezing period.The discharge in break-up period should maintain 450-500 m3/s and the storage capacity for ice flood control 831-1 104 million m3/s and;b） on flood control aspect,the controlled indexes for regulated discharge regime of the section should be discharge about 2 500 m3/s,duration about 12 days and water demand 2.5 billion m3.Deducting the mean channel discharge during the regulated discharge regime and considering the diversion of local area and incoming flow of tributaries,it needs to make up water 1.95 billion m3 for achieving the index of regulated discharge regime of the section.