布局调整,渐行渐远——兼论农村中小学布局调整过程中地方政府的改革智慧

Is the Distribution of Schools out of Its Original Intention——On the Reform Wisdom of Local Government during the Distribution of Rural Schools

农村中小学布局调整时至今日,已取得明显成效。但不容忽视,这一过程并非一帆风顺。这一政策原本有利于农村义务教育改革与发展,之所以在部分地区实施过程中出现如此频繁而严重的负面问题,其中一个很重要的方面是与改革者自身缺失"改革智慧"有关。改革智慧是改革者在改革过程中表现出来的能够迅速、深刻、正确地认识客观事物和解决问题的能力,具有情境性、道德性、个别性、缄默性等特征。改革智慧是改革得以顺利推进的重要基础和根本前提。如若地方政府缺失改革智慧,就可能引发众多违背初衷的改革后果。因此,倡导"研究型改革者"的样态生成,主旨就是融通理论与决策之界,真正科学地将改革进行下去。具体而言,研究型改革者的样态生成可遵循如下路径,即理性认识"改革阻力具有两面性"、合理把握"改革是一种机遇"、正确认识"权力具有交往作用"、真正成为"政治家而非政客"。

Nowadays there have been obvious effects during the distribution of rural schools.However this policy,which is helpful to develop rural compulsory education is difficult in practice.One of the important causes is lack of reform wisdom.Reform wisdom is the reformer’s ability to understand and solve problems deeply and rightly.It’s basic and essential.Therefore,we need＂research-based policy-makers＂who contact policy with theory.＂Research-based policy-makers＂should understand reform resistances rationally,regard reform as opportunity,understand double-face power,and be a sapiential politician.