即时序列回忆中汉字的字频、形似和音同效应

Words Frequency,Visual and Phonological Similarity Eects in Chinese Characters’Immediate Serial Recall

以母语为汉语的在校大学生作为被试,实验一采取2(字频:高频和低频)*2(读音:音同和音异)*2(字形:形似和形异)三因素混合设计,实验二在发音抑制条件下,采用2(读音:音同和音异)*2(字形:形似和形异)二因素被试内设计,探讨汉字即时系列回忆及其字频、形似和音同效应。实验一发现,字频的高低、字音和字形的相似性对即时回忆成绩有显著影响,但三个因素之间交互作用不明显。在发音抑制条件下(实验二),汉字系列回忆中字形相似性有显著的主效应,而语音相似性的主效应不显著,音形二者之间的交互作用明显。说明在汉字即时序列回忆过程中存在着相互独立的视觉编码和听觉编码过程。

Native Chinese speakers were employed in the research that concerned about the Chinese characters’immediate serial recall.Using 2（words frequency：high-frequency and low-frequency） ＊2（phonological similarity：dissimilar and similarity） ＊2（visual similarity：dissimilar and similarity） three mixed-factor design and 2（phonological similarity：dissimilar and similarity） ＊2（isual similarity：dissimilar and similarity） two-factor design,we investigated the factors affecting the immediate serial recall’s scores.It was found that the immediate serial recall’s scores were affected by words frequency,visual and phonological similarity but no interaction could be found（Experiment 1）.In articulatory suppression conditions（Experiment 2）,a series of recalls of Chinese characters in the visual similarity reflected a significant main effect,and the main effect of phonological similarity was not significant,the interaction between them was obvious.The two experiments showed independent visual and auditory coding process co-exist in the course of Chinese characters’verbal immediate serial recall.