学龄期1型糖尿病患儿疾病知识和自我管理相关性分析

Correlation analysis of diabetes knowledge and self-management in school-aged children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

目的通过了解学龄期1型糖尿病患儿对糖尿病的知识水平和自我管理水平,分析患儿的糖尿病相关知识与自我管理水平的相关关系。方法选择2006年11月—2007年2月在复旦大学附属儿科医院内分泌门诊就诊的学龄期1型糖尿病患儿40例,采用糖尿病儿童知识量表、糖尿病患儿自我管理量表和基本资料问卷进行调查。结果①40例患儿中,糖尿病相关知识的答对率为74%,其中,半数患儿的答对率低于50%;依次为运动知识、血糖和尿糖监测知识、高低血糖识别和处理的知识、用药知识、基本知识和饮食知识。②患儿的自我管理的项目平均分为1.49。依次为血糖和尿糖监测的管理、高低血糖的管理、用药管理、运动管理、饮食管理。③患儿的年龄与疾病知识及自我管理水平呈中度正相关(P<0.01),而患儿的病程与疾病知识及自我管理水平也分别呈低度或中度正相关(P<0.05或0.01)。④患儿的疾病知识和自我管理水平呈高度正相关(r=0.72,P<0.01),尤其在运动和用药方面。但患儿在饮食控制方面的知识与其相应的自我管理行为不相关(P>0.05)。结论学龄期1型糖尿病患儿相关知识水平和自我管理水平均较偏低,而患儿的知识水平和自我管理水平多呈正相关关系,提示护理人员应通过一定策略提高患儿的疾病知识,改善其自我管理行为。但在饮食控制方面,患儿可能存在着除疾病知识外的其他一些影响因素,需要我们做进一步探索。

Objective To investigate the levels of diabetes knowledge and self-management in school-aged children with type 1 diabetes mellitus,and to analyze the related correlation.Methods A total of 40 school-aged outpatients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in pediatric endocrinology of Children＇s Hospital of Fudan University from November 2006 to February 2007 were enrolled.The diabetes knowledge scale,diabetes self-management scale and general questionnaire were used to evaluate them.Results The scores of diabetes knowledge and self-management were not high.The levels of diabetes knowledge and self-management were both positively correlated with age and duration of illness（P0.01,P0.05）.There was significantly positive correlation between diabetes-related knowledge and self-management（r=0.72,P0.01）,especially in the movement and medicine use.No correlation was found between the diet control and self-management（P0.05）.Conclusion The levels of diabetes knowledge and self-management in school-aged children with type 1 diabetes mellitus are low although there is a high positive correlation between them.The nurses should take certain strategies to improve the children＇s diabetes knowledge and self-management levels.With regards to diet control,more researches should be done because other important influencing factors may exist besides diabetes knowledge.