可能自我测量方法述评

A Review of Measuring Methods for Possible Selves

Markus和Nurius在1986年正式提出可能自我的概念,希望自我、预期自我和恐惧自我是可能自我理论的横向结构,而过去自我、现在自我和未来自我是可能自我理论的纵向维度。目前,可能自我测量的方法主要有问卷法、结构访谈法、Q分类法、叙事法等。测量可能自我的方法各有各的步骤、特点。研究者选择方法时易受自身对可能自我认知的影响,因此,在方法的选择上,研究者可考虑将不同评估方法结合适用,同时选用的被试要合适。

Markus and Nurius defined possible selves formally in 1986,according to them,the horizontal structure of possible selves includes hoped selves,expected selves and feared selves;the past selves,present selves and future selves contrast the vertical dimension of this theory.So far,the measurements of possible selves are questionnaire,structured interview,Q-sort and narrative method.Researchers’ choice of these methods tends to be influenced by their own understanding of possible selves,so it is better to integrate different methods and choose the suitable examinees.