氢键对有机取代反应和加成反应的影响

Influence of Hydrogen Bond on Substitution Reaction and Addition Reaction

取代反应和加成反应是有机化学中最基础、最重要、也是研究最多的反应。影响取代反应和加成反应的因素很多,文章从氢键的形成、类型、键能大小出发,分析讨论了其对饱和碳原子上亲核取代反应、苯环上C-F键的亲核取代反应、亲电加成反应及羰基化合物亲核加成反应的影响,所得结论对有机化学理论教学和有机合成具有一定的指导意义。

Substitution reaction and addition reaction were basic and very important reactions in the organic chemistry,and experiments had shown that a number of factors affect the relative rates of them.In the paper,according to the formation,types and bond energy of hydrogen bond,the author attempted to investigate the effect of the hydrogen bond on nucleophilic substitution reactions of saturated carbon,nucleophilic substitution reactions of C-F bond on a benzene ring,electrophilic addition reactions,and nucleophilic addition reactions of carbonyl carbon.The results could give directions for theoretical teaching and synthesis of organic chemistry.